September 12, 1955…3K, NBC’s First Color Studio Inside 30 Rock Debuts
September 12, 1955…3K, NBC’s First Color Studio Inside 30 Rock Debuts
On this day (also a Monday), in 1955, Studio 3K debuted as NBC’s first “non-experimental“* in-house color facility. It was created by combining historic Studio 3H, television’s first home, and radio Studio 3F. The debut broadcast was of “The Howdy Doody Show”, and 3K became Howdy’s premenant home, making it the first ever daily color broadcast. *In 1951, RCA/NBC equipped Studio 3K with experimental color equipment for a year’s worth of testing monitors, cameras and rack equipment and mostly closed circuit programs were done from 3H until The Colonial Theater was leased and became the home of all the color broadcasts, starting in March of 1953…so, technically, Studio 3H was the first live color studio inside 30 Rock.
Below is the detailed history of Studio 3H, how it came to be, and what it became. Did you know 3K was the home of the famous Kraft Kitchen? That is were all the Kraft commercials came from, and why the third floor always smelled great. Enjoy and share! -Bobby Ellerbee
Inside Studio 3H, 3rd floor level studio above and below, 4th floor level control room that you can see in the photo above.
The “coffin camera” color tests that started in 3H in 1951 (below) with “Color Girl” Marie McNamara.
Me kissing the floor where 3H and 3F came together to make 3K, 2014.
A Brief History Of Television’s First Real Home…NBC’s Studio 3H
Above is a rare, digitally enhanced photo of the NBC Radio Master Control board from 1933…the year RCA and NBC moved into 30 Rockefeller Plaza.
In the beginning, Studio 33 was radio studio, just one of six medium sized spaces on the 3rd floor, which were about half the size of 3A and 3B. At the time, there were roughly 50 NBC studios in the building, but RCA had plans for 3H.
In late 1935, two years after Radio City opened, NBC Radio Studio 3H was converted to RCA Television Studio 3H and technically, would remain an RCA domain until 1939, at which time W2XBS and this studio were put under the control of NBC Television.
It was done under a blanket of secrecy. This mysterious new space was kept secret due to competitive developments for a year, while low key experimental broadcasts from 3H were done, but by early in 1936, RCA decided to go public with the news of their electronic television operations.
After the experimental public broadcasts were started with the three live Iconoscope cameras, RCA also took over a space on the 5th floor for film and called that new area Studio 5F, which was linked to the 3H control room.
Until 1951, 3H was used for experimental and regular programming, and was NBC’s only permanently equipped studio till radio studio 8G began television trials in 1946. Some of the earliest network shows from 3H were “The Kraft Music Hall,” “Television Scene Magazine,” “The Howdy Doody Show” and more. All these shows started out in 3H with the big Iconoscope cameras, and in April of 1948, 3H finally got the new RCA TK30s. The next month, 8G was converted to television.
In 1951, Howdy and the other shows done here moved out, and 3H would become the home of the experimental color tests after the Wardman Park color tests concluded in Washington. The Wardman color cameras were not installed in 3H, however the Washington color veterans were brought from there to continue color tests with the new “coffin cameras.” The joke was, these huge new umber gray cameras were big enough to bury a man in. These were the predecessor to the TK40s and this is the first appearance of the rounded top viewfinder. The color tests from 3H, and later, The Colonial Theater were broadcast over RCA’s experimental color station KE2XJV.
Variety like demonstration shows were done weekdays at 10, 2 and 4 and were staged with vivid colored wardrobes and sets. These shows were mostly for the engineers in New York and RCA’s Princeton labs who watched on closed circuit feeds. Not one to ever miss a marketing opportunity though, these shows were also fed to a half dozen custom built color receivers that were on display in the RCA Exhibition Hall in Rockefeller Plaza. In early ’53 these daily shows would move to The Colonial Theater which was where the new prototype TK40 cameras were beginning to be tested.
After the color tests left for the Colonial, 3H was still involved in color monitor tests, but even then, it stayed busy with regular 15 minute daily programs and live commercials coming from the studio with TK30s wheeled in from Studio 3B.
In the summer of 1955 3H was closed as construction crews took out the wall between 3H and 3F to create the first color studio inside Radio City. The new studio was to become 3K and with a double debut, both Studio 3K and Howdy Doody went to live color the afternoon of September 12, 1955.
Today, 3K is used by MSNBC and is the home to most of their hosts after 7PM, including Chris Hayes, and Lawrence O’Donnell. There is more on the photos, so click through! Enjoy, and there is more to come on 3H. -Bobby Ellerbee
I recently saw the final Howdy Doody Show on one of the nostalgic TV channels. It was in color–is this the only Howdy Doody to survive in color?
I particularly liked the NBC Peacock opening. The original 1950s animated Peacock opens the show, but instead of the crashing gong and the Ben Grauer voice-over, we get this:
(NBC Chimes)
♫ The folks in Doodyville are shouting Hooray!
♫ ‘Cause we’re in Living Color
♫ We’re in Living Color
♫ We’re in Living Color today!
Howdy appears on stage alone and announces, “This is Howdy Doody, in color, coming to you live from Doodyville, U.S.A.” Then they move over to the Dilly Dally marionette who says, “Using the RCA combustible, uh, comportable….” Howdy corrects him, “Compatible, Dilly.” To which Dilly replies, “Yeah, the RCA Compatible system.” There’s a little more patter among the marionettes before they throw it to Buffalo Bob. He goes on about the new set and some new characters and then he introduces a ‘color cartoon’. (Which was Ginger Nutt’s ‘Christmas Circus’, a beautiful technicolor cartoon by the British David Hand company.) Gabby Hayes makes an appearance. Clarabelle rides in on a ‘color Clarabus’, a golf cart painted in many colors. (I assume, my print is on a black and white DVD from the 99-cent Store). There are other characters and elements of entertainment, but no other mention of color until later in the show T. Phineas Bluster arrives and tells another marionette to move over, “So the people at home with color sets can appreciate the most colorful character in Doodyville.” At the end of the show there’s a painted Howdy Face and an announcer who intones, “This program was brought to you by compatible color television, which was pioneered and developed by RCA.” Fade Out. The only other thing noticeable about the show is that the Peanut Gallery was quite integrated that day. I’m wondering if they got in trouble with Southern stations over that?
Howdy in production in Studio 3K.